Method of coloring fibrous material



- No Drawing UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

WILLIS A. GIBBONS, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN RUBBER i COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OF COLORING FIBROUS MATERIAL.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIS A. Gaseous,- a citizen of the United States, residing at Flushing, Long Island, county of Queens, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Coloring Fibrous Material, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvementsin coloring fibrous material, such as fabrics, particularly those in which it is desired to produce a yellow or orange color which is ugt only permanent and not liable to fade or be--afl"ected by moisture, but will also be practically impervious or opaque to ultraviolet rays of'light. Such a fabric, when coated with rubber, is particularly adapted for use in balloons and airships whivh are sustained or partly sustained by gas that is lighter than air, such as hydrogen or illuminating gas. The rubber of the fabric is liable to deteriorate to a considerable degree if penetrated by actinic sun rays, or rays of light having ultra-violet components. The use of a metallic compound, hereinafter described, reduces the tendency of such rays to penetrate the fabric. A further object of my invention is to produce a coloring matter'which is unaffected by heat and sulfur on fabric coated with rubber compounds.

Heretofore in the coloring or dyeing of fabrics, organic dyes have been used extensively, but these are not adapted for the uses above set forth, being imperfectly opaque to light and having a tendency to fade, as well as being expensive to manufacture. Lead chromate heretofore also used as a coloring matter for fabric is more opaque than organic dyes, but has the disadvantage when used with rubberized ,fab-

ric, of darkening when exposed to vulcanizing heat because of the formation of lead Briefly, the invention comprises the formation of sulfids of antimony within or on the fibers of the fabric. These sulfids may be formed and deposited in any approved manner, either separately or mixed'in different proportions. As an example, antimony ehlorid may be subjected to the action of hydrogen sulfid, thereby forming antimony sulfid. As an exai'nple of the process by which thisis produced. the following is given:

The fabric or yarn is firstdipped in one Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 9, 1920.

Application filed August 10, 1916. Serial No. 114,200.

of two solutions which interact with each other as follows:

.2SbCl -k3H S:Sb S,+6HCl precipitating the antimony sulfid at the same time with some other material, as for example, cadmium sulfid.

Another example of compounds which may be used is a soluble-thioantimonate with an acid such as hydrochloric acid whichis represented by the following equation:

Also the use of antimony penta-chlor-id with a sulfid or polysulfid of calcium, gives a reaction similar to the following:

Another preferred treatment of the fabric is one involving the treatment of the fabric with solutions of both potassium antimonyl tartrate (tartar emetic) and a solution of a sulfidof ammonium, either ammonium sulfid- (NH,) S, ammonium hydrosulfid NH,,SH, or ammonium polysulfid (NHQ S at temperatures such that the antimony sulfid will not redissolve in an ammonium sulfid. This does not happen if temperatures below the boiling point of water are used.

The order of sequence in which the various compounds or solutions are applied to the fabric is not essential and it is practical to apply them simultaneously, such as by applying the ingredients to the same or opposite sides of the fabric respectively by brushing or spraying, the essential require ment being that the ingredients shall not be come combined prior to their absorption by the fibers of the material. g

Having thus described these examples of my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: V

1. As a new article of manufactufre, fibrous material rubberized and colored by a metalcompound-containing coloring matter resisting penetration by actinic rays and immune in and about the fibers thereof sulfid or sulfids of antimony.

3. A fibrous material colored by a metalcompound-containing coloring-matter resisting penetration by actinic rays and immune to discoloration by sulfur, and combined with a vulcanizable plastic material.

4:. A process of treating fibrous material Which comprises applying to the material a nietal-compound-containing coloring matter resisting penetration by actinic rays and immune to discoloration by sulfur, and treating the material with a vulcanizable plastic compound.

5. As a new article of manufacture, fibrous material haring intimately deposited in or upon the fibers thereof a sulfid or sulfids of antimony, and impregnated or coated ith .a vulcanized plastic containing sulfur or sul.-. fur compounds.

(5. The process of coloring and rubberizing fibrous material which comprises dipping said material into a solution of potassium antimonyl tartrate and a solution of soluble sulfid adapted to precipitate antimony sulfid, whereby the latter is formed directly in or upon the fibers of said material. and treating the material with a vuleanizable plastic compound.

7. The process of coloring and rubberizing fibrous material which comprises dipping said material into a solution of potassium antimonyl tartrate and a solution of a sulfid of ammonium, whereby antimony sulfigl is formed directly in or upon the fibers of said material, and coating the material with a Yulcanizable plastic compound.

8. The process of treatingfibrous material which comprises applying to the material an antimony compound containing coloringmatter resisting penetration by actinic rays and immune to discoloration by sulfur and treating the material with a vulcanizable plastic compound.

Signed at New York. N. Y., this 2-4 day of July, 1916.

WILLIS A. GIBBONS. 

